Which of the following methods uses sub-nanosecond timing to measure distance?

The time of flight method utilizes sub-nanosecond timing to measure distance by determining the time it takes for a pulse of light or radio waves to travel to a target and back. This technique relies on accurately measuring the time interval between emission and reception, which allows for precise calculations of distance based on the speed of the wave in the medium.

Given the rapid nature of the timing involved, the time of flight method is particularly effective for short to moderate distances where high precision is required. The use of sub-nanosecond timing makes it possible to achieve very detailed measurements, which are critical in surveying applications and various engineering fields.

Phase shift, continuous wave, and reflected pulse methods may employ different principles and techniques for measuring distance, but they do not typically achieve the same level of timing precision as time of flight, distinguishing it as the superior method for applications requiring such high accuracy in distance measurement.